Zakaath as a Tool for Poverty Eradication: A Socio-Economic Perspective
الملخص
Poverty remains one of the most persistent and complex challenges of the modern world, with millions lacking access to basic human needs. While global efforts have made progress, structural inequalities and economic exclusion continue to plague marginalized communities. This paper explores the Islamic institution of Zakaath as a potent and ethical mechanism for poverty alleviation and social equity. Rooted in the principles of justice, compassion, and collective responsibility, Zakaath is more than a spiritual duty—it is a structured economic policy aimed at redistributing wealth and restoring human dignity.
The study delves into the philosophical foundations, principles, and objectives of Zakaath, drawing from Qur’anic injunctions and classical Islamic jurisprudence. It elaborates on the dual socio-economic function of Zakaath—preventive in reducing wealth concentration and curative in addressing the immediate needs of the poor. The paper further presents comparative case studies from countries such as Malaysia, Pakistan, Sudan, Indonesia, and India, analyzing diverse models of Zakaath governance and implementation.
Particular attention is given to the Indian context, where Zakaath remains largely informal, fragmented, and underutilized despite the country's large Muslim population. The paper identifies major challenges such as lack of centralization, transparency, and awareness, and proposes strategic recommendations including legal recognition, digital innovation, and stakeholder engagement.
By aligning Zakaath with national development frameworks and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this paper argues for its institutional integration as a sustainable, values-driven solution to poverty. It concludes that revitalizing the Zakaath model offers timely lessons not only for Muslim societies but also for global policy makers seeking inclusive, ethical, and community-empowered approaches to socio-economic justice
